Air gaps provide an effective method for preventing potable water contamination by creating a physical air gap between the water inlet and the overflow point. For reduced pressure principle backflow preventer assembly installation, they must be placed between the relief valve and the drain line.
They are primarily made of plastic and can also be made of cast iron, bronze, steel epoxy-coated, gray cast iron with a zinc phosphate primer, and iron.
The air gaps for backflow prevention devices are available under the Apollo, Watts, and Zurn brands, and in sizes from 1/2″ to 12″.